Merge nucleic/mellow-dewy-falcon-rjhr into main
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# gitea-macos-runner
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A Swift daemon that gives a self-hosted Gitea instance on-demand macOS CI capacity from a single
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Apple Silicon Mac. It polls Gitea for queued Actions jobs that request macOS, boots a fresh
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ephemeral macOS VM through Apple's Virtualization.framework for each one, lets Gitea's own
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`gitea-runner` execute exactly one job inside that VM, and then destroys the VM. Nothing from a
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job survives into the next: every build starts from an identical, freshly cloned base image.
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## How it works
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```
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Gitea host daemon ephemeral VM
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│ │ │
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│ GET /api/v1/admin/actions/ │ │
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│ jobs?status=queued │ │
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│◄────────────────────────────────┤ poll every 5s │
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│ [{id, labels: ["macos-arm64"]}]│ │
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├────────────────────────────────►│ │
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│ │ APFS clone base image (instant) │
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│ ├──────────────────────────────────►│
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│ │ boot headless, NAT networking │
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│ │ resolve IP (/var/db/dhcpd_leases) │
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│ │ ssh in │
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│ ├──────────────────────────────────►│
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│ │ gitea-runner register --ephemeral │
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│◄────────────────────────────────┼───────────────────────────────────┤
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│ runner appears, job dispatched │ │
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├─────────────────────────────────┼──────────────────────────────────►│
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│ │ gitea-runner daemon │
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│ job completes; server refuses │ runs ONE job │
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│ a second job and deletes the │ │
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│ ephemeral registration │ │
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│ │ destroy VM + clone │
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│ ├───────────────────────────────► ✗ │
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```
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A background reconcile loop (every 5 minutes) deletes runner registrations left behind by VMs that
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were killed uncleanly, so the Gitea runner list does not accumulate dead entries.
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## Requirements
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- **Apple Silicon Mac.** Virtualization.framework macOS guests are ARM-only.
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- **macOS 26 or newer on the host; macOS 27 or newer strongly recommended.** The automated image
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builder uses `VZMacGuestProvisioningOptions` (macOS 27) to create the admin user and skip Setup
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Assistant. Both host *and* guest must be 27+ — an older guest silently ignores the options and
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stalls at Setup Assistant.
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- **Disk:** ~60 GB free for a vanilla image (IPSW ~15 GB plus a sparse ASIF disk); 140 GB+ if you
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provision Xcode.
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- **RAM:** 16 GB minimum. Each guest defaults to 8 GB, and macOS caps the host at **2 concurrent
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macOS VMs** regardless of hardware.
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- **Gitea 1.25 or newer** (1.26+ recommended). 1.25 added the admin jobs API with the `labels`
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field this daemon depends on.
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- A code-signed app bundle. The binary must carry the `com.apple.security.virtualization`
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entitlement; ad-hoc signing (`codesign -s -`) is sufficient, so no paid Apple developer account
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is required.
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## Quickstart
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```sh
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git clone <this repo> && cd gitea-macos-runner
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# Build, bundle (binary + Resources + Info.plist), ad-hoc sign with the
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# virtualization entitlement, then copy to ~/Applications and symlink the CLI
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# into /usr/local/bin.
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make install # = make build bundle sign, then the install step
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# Write a starter config to ~/.config/gitea-macos-runner/config.json
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gitea-macos-runner config init
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# Fill in gitea.instanceURL, gitea.adminTokenFile, and the registration token settings.
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$EDITOR "$(gitea-macos-runner config path)"
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# Read the config back with secrets redacted, to confirm it parses and validates.
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gitea-macos-runner config show
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# Verify entitlements, config, Gitea reachability, disk space, and host/guest versions.
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gitea-macos-runner doctor
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# Build a base image from an IPSW (long — installs macOS, then provisions the guest).
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# The image is named "default", which is also what `daemon` and `vm boot` look for.
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gitea-macos-runner image build --ipsw ~/Downloads/UniversalMac_27.0_*.ipsw
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# Optional: add Xcode to the image.
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gitea-macos-runner image provision default --xcode-xip ~/Downloads/Xcode_XX.xip
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# Install and start the LaunchAgent (runs in your GUI login session — not a LaunchDaemon).
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gitea-macos-runner service install
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gitea-macos-runner service status
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```
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Then push a workflow that targets the runner:
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```yaml
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# .gitea/workflows/macos.yml
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name: macOS build
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on: [push]
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jobs:
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build:
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runs-on: macos-arm64
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steps:
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- uses: actions/checkout@v4
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- run: sw_vers && swift build
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```
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The daemon picks the job up within one poll interval, boots a VM, and tears it down when the job
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finishes.
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## Documentation
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- [docs/setup.md](docs/setup.md) — full Gitea-side and host-side walkthrough, config reference,
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image building, service installation, verification.
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- [docs/security.md](docs/security.md) — threat model, isolation boundaries, token handling.
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- [docs/troubleshooting.md](docs/troubleshooting.md) — symptom → cause → fix.
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## Command reference
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Every subcommand accepts the global options `--config PATH` (`-c`, default
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`~/.config/gitea-macos-runner/config.json`) and `--verbose`.
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| Command | Purpose |
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| --- | --- |
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| `daemon [--image NAME] [--once]` | The scheduler loop. Normally started by launchd via `service install`. `--image` defaults to `default`; `--once` runs a single scheduling tick and exits. |
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| `image build [--name NAME] [--ipsw PATH] [--disk-gb N]` | Install macOS into a new base image and provision it. `--name` defaults to `default`; without `--ipsw` the latest supported restore image is downloaded. `--disk-gb` overrides `guest.diskGB`. |
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| `image provision NAME [--xcode-xip PATH]` | Re-run guest provisioning on an existing image; optionally install Xcode from a `.xip`. |
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| `image list` | List base images in the store. |
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| `image delete NAME [--force]` | Delete a base image and its disk. `--force` (`-f`) skips the confirmation prompt. |
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| `vm boot [--image NAME] [--slot N] [--keep]` | Clone an image, boot it, print its IP, and wait for Ctrl-C. `--slot` picks which persistent per-slot MAC to use (default `0`); `--keep` leaves the clone on disk. |
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| `vm list` | List ephemeral VM clones on disk. |
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| `service install [--executable PATH]` | Write and load `~/Library/LaunchAgents/xyz.blakeslee.gitea-macos-runner.plist`. |
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| `service uninstall` | Unload the LaunchAgent and remove its plist. |
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| `service status` | Report LaunchAgent installation and run state. |
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| `doctor [--json] [--no-fail]` | Preflight checks. `--json` emits machine-readable results; `--no-fail` exits zero even when checks fail. |
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| `config init [--force] [--instance-url URL]` | Write the annotated example config. `--force` (`-f`) overwrites an existing file. |
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| `config show` | Print the effective configuration with secrets redacted. |
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| `config path` | Print the configuration file path. |
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